颈椎旋转手法对兔粥样斑块期颈动脉拉伸力学性能的影响

目的 探讨颈椎旋转手法对兔粥样斑块期颈动脉拉伸力学性能的影响。方法 选取30只健康的雄性新西兰大耳兔，随机分为实验组、模型对照组和空白对照组。实验组对兔进行颈动脉粥样硬化斑块造模及颈椎旋转手法干预，模型对照组仅进行颈动脉粥样硬化斑块造模，而空白对照组不进行任何干预。观测3组兔在不同干预后颈动脉各项拉伸力学性能指标的差异。结果 实验组与模型对照组以及空白对照组比较，最大应变、最大载荷和生理性弹性模量均有统计学差异（P<0.05）；实验组最大应变比模型对照组、空白对照组分别小24.87%、52.09%；实验组最大载荷分别是模型对照组、空白对照组的2.21、3.47倍；实验组生理性弹性模量分别是模型对照组、空白对照组的1.60、1.89倍。结论 相对正常颈动脉而言，颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的存在会降低颈动脉的拉伸力学性能，而对存在颈动脉粥样硬化的兔进行颈椎旋转手法操作，会进一步降低颈动脉的拉伸力学性能。因此，临床上对于存在颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的患者，最好避免进行颈椎旋转手法操作。
Objective To explore the effect of cervical rotatory manipulation on tensile mechanical properties of carotid artery with atherosclerotic plaque. Methods Thirty healthy male New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into experimental group, model control group and blank control group. Carotid atherosclerosis model were made in the experimental group and model control group. The experimental group received the intervention of cervical rotatory manipulation, but the model control group did not. The blank control group did not receive any intervention. After 3 groups received different interventions, the differences in tensile mechanical properties of rabbit carotid artery in three groups were observed. Results The ultimate strain, ultimate load and physiological elastic modulus of rabbit carotid arteries in 3 groups were statistically significant (P<0.05); The ultimate strain in the experimental group was 24.87% and 52.09% smaller than that in the model control group and blank control group, respectively; The ultimate load in the experimental group was 2.21 and 3.47 times of the model control group and blank control group, respectively; The physiological elastic modulus in the experimental group was 1.60 and 1.89 times of the model control group and blank control group, respectively. Conclusions Compared with normal carotid artery, the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque will reduce tensile mechanical properties of the carotid artery, and cervical rotatory manipulation will further reduce tensile mechanical properties of the carotid artery with carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Therefore, for patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque, it is better to avoid cervical manipulation.