6岁儿童全颈有限元模型的构建及验证

目的 利用6岁儿童颈部有限元模型预测不同载荷下颈部损伤生物力学响应。方法 基于CT图像构建具有真实肌肉的6岁儿童颈部有限元模型，应用该模型通过分别重构儿童颈椎不同椎段的动态拉伸实验、全颈椎拉伸实验和儿童志愿者低速碰撞实验验证其有效性。结果 不同椎段拉伸仿真试验和全颈椎拉伸仿真试验中的力-位移曲线能够较好吻合实验曲线；儿童志愿者仿真试验的头部角速度时间历程曲线位于实验数据通道内，吻合较好。结论 该模型有效性得到验证，可用于研究儿童颈部的不同载荷条件下的生物力学响应及损伤机制。
Objective To predict biomechanical responses of neck injuries under different loading conditions based on the finite element model of the 6-year-old pediatric neck. Methods The finite element model of the 6-year-old pediatric neck with real anatomical structural muscles was developed, according to the CT images. The model was verified by reconstructing the dynamic tensile test of different cervical spine segments, the tensile test of full cervical spine and the low speed impact experiment of the pediatric volunteers. Results The force-displacement curves, obtained from the simulations on tensile test of different cervical spine segments and tensile test of full cervical spine, were in good agreement with the experimental curves. The head angular velocity-time curve obtained from simulations on pediatric volunteer was consistent with the corridor obtained from experimental data. Conclusions The model is validated and can be used for studying the biomechanical responses and injury mechanism of pediatric neck under different loading conditions.