流体动力学网格划分技术在骨骼有限元建模中的应用

目的 研究一种高质量、高效率的骨骼分网方式。方法 结合骨结构的特点，将流体动力学（computational fluid dynamics, CFD）的分网方法引入到骨生物力学的网格划分中，用六面体单元模拟皮质骨，四面体单元模拟松质骨。结果 采用CFD网格划分技术能够划分出高质量的六面体单元，并且较好地模拟骨骼的结构特征，可以实现计算机自动分网，分网花费时间约为传统分网方法的1/5，有限元模型计算结果基本符合尸体实验测量值。结论 CFD网格划分技术可应用于骨生物力学领域中，为复杂人体骨骼的重构探索了一条有效途径。
Objective To study high-quality and high efficient meshing methods for skeleton. Methods Based on characteristics of bone structure, the mesh generation technology of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied in mesh generation for bone biomechanics. Hexahedron elements and tetrahedron elements were used to simulate cortical bone and cancellous bone, respectively. Results By using CFD mesh generation technology, high-quality hexahedral elements could be obtained, the structure characteristics of skeleton could be preferably simulated, and computer automatic meshing could be implemented. The amount of time for meshing bones by the new method was only about 1/5 of that by the traditional method, and the calculation results obtained from the finite element model were basically consistent with the results from the cadaver experiment. Conclusions The CFD mesh generation technology can be applied in the field of bone biomechanics, which provides an effective approach to reconstruct complex human skeleton.