高压下中耳结构动力损伤研究

目的 研究高压对中耳结构造成的损伤。方法 基于CT扫描建立中耳结构有限元数值模型,对模型施加随时间变化的压力，分析鼓膜以及镫骨足板的应力、应变和位移变化。结果 获得的计算结果与相关文献中的试验数据吻合，验证了所建中耳模型的准确性。高压对中耳造成的损伤，随着压力的增加，损伤加重；快速加压使得中耳损伤严重，对内耳的影响较小；慢速加压，也能导致中耳损伤，但在中耳损伤前，内耳会损伤。结论 高压容易导致人耳出现损伤，为避免听力受到影响，在加压过程中要控制好加压速率。
Objective To study the middle ear damage caused by high pressure. Methods The finite element model of human middle ear was established based on CT scanning, and the change of stress, strain and displacement of the tympanic membrane and the stapes footplate was analyzed when the model was applied with time-varying pressure. Results The satisfactory agreement between the computational results and the corresponding experimental data in the literature indicated the validity of the model. High pressure would cause damage to the middle ear, and the damage would increase with the pressure increasing. Rapid pressurization could severely damage the middle ear, but with a small effect on the inner ear. Slow pressurization could also lead to the middle ear damage, but the inner ear might be damaged before the damage to the middle ear. Conclusions High pressure can easily lead to the ear damage; therefore, the pressurized rate should be controlled strictly during pressurization in order to protect the hearing.