超高速撞击充气压力容器前壁穿孔实验及预报

针对球形弹丸超高撞击充气压力容器前壁损伤问题，采用实验与理论分析相结合的方法进行研究。首先采用二级轻气炮进行超高速撞击实验，获得了压力容器前壁损伤特性，实验结果表明：容器前壁损伤均为圆形穿孔，穿孔直径与弹丸撞击速度近似呈线性关系，并且容器内压对穿孔直径影响不大。然后，基于实验结果，考虑弹丸未破碎及破碎两种模式，将弹丸冲塞穿孔的能量等效为局部均布载荷对容器前壁的作用，建立了容器前壁穿孔预报模型，并通过与实验结果的比较验证了模型的有效性。
Abstract：To study the damage of pressure vessels' front walls by the hypervelocity impact of spherical projectiles,a method combining experimental and theoretical analyses was proposed.Hypervelocity impact experiments were performed by using a two-stage light gas gun to obtain the damage characteristics of pressure vessel front walls.The experimental results show that the damage mode of the front walls is circular perforation,the perforation diameter is approximately linear with the impact velocity of projectiles,and the internal pressure in the vessel has little effect on the perforation diameter.Then,based on the experimental results,considering the two patterns that the projectile is fragmentized and not,a prediction model for the front wall perforation was built,assuming the impact perforation energy of projectile being a local uniform load.By the experiments,the prediction model was proved to be valid.