手枪弹侵彻有防护仿生人体躯干靶标试验研究

在为了更好的研究钝击损伤机理，本文首先建立了“明胶-胸廓”仿生人体躯干，进而搭建了同步测试系统开展手枪弹侵彻有防护人体靶标的试验研究。将压力传感器埋设在心脏和左肺部位，获得了人体典型位置受到枪弹钝击时这两个部位的动态压力特性。钝击心脏部位时心脏处的压力峰值达到了2.40 MPa，左肺处为1.30 MPa；弹着点在右肺部位时，传播至心脏和左肺的压力峰值分别为0.39 MPa和0.25 MPa；弹着点在肝脏部位时，传播至心脏和左肺的压力峰值大小相近，约为0.10 MPa。高速摄影拍摄到的侵彻过程表明，软质防弹衣会产生非常大的瞬态凹陷，随后在人体靶标弹性能的作用下凹陷深度和范围又逐渐减小。被击中的防弹衣背部产生一个高度约3cm的塑性鼓包。本文研究可为钝击伤评估和防弹衣改进提供参考。
Abstract：In order to study the damage mechanism of blunt impact,the“gelatin-thorax”bionic human torso was built firstly.Then,the synchronous test system was designed to study the pistol bullet penetrating into armor covered bionic human torso.Pressure sensors were buried in the position of the heart and left lung to get dynamic pressure characteristics of these two places.When the heart was under blunt impact,the peak pressure in the position of the heart reached 2.40 MPa,the peak pressure in the position of the left lung reached 1.30 MPa; When the impact point was at the right lung,the peak pressures,which spread to the positions of the heart and left lung,were 0.39 MPa and 0.25 MPa,respectively; When the impact point was at the liver,the peak pressures,which spread to the positions of the heart and left lung,were almost equal to 0.10 MPa.The penetration process captured by a high-speed camera,presented that the soft body armor occurred very large transient deformations and then spring back with the elastic deformation of human torso.A 3cm height plastic bulge was formed on the back face of the soft armor.These results can provide references to blunt trauma evaluation and body armor design.