周扫式激光通信光端机遮光罩优化设计

小卫星激光通信用周扫式光端机安装在卫星外部，光端机在卫星发射过程中会受到巨大的冲击，该机构的遮光罩与锁紧系统相连是光端机锁紧的关键部件，其结构刚度和强度的大小直接影响整机的可靠性。本文根据周扫式光端机的特点，首先对遮光罩外部约束条件进行分析与计算，在保证力学要求的前提下，利用拓扑优化与自由尺寸优化相结合的方法对遮光罩进行优化设计，降低遮光罩的重量。分析表明采用优化设计后的遮光罩，其质量下降了17.08%，最大应力与最大位移降低了45.45%和54.93%，前三阶模态也有显著提升，提高了遮光罩的可用性及整机的可靠性。
Abstract： The circumferential scanning and tracking system used for small satellite laser communication is installed outside the satellite,and it is subjected to huge impact load during the process of satellite launching and rising.The hood connected with the locking mechanism is a key component of optical locking,the stiffness and strength of the structure directly affects the reliability of the whole machine.This paper is based on the characteristics of the circumferential laser communication system.First,the external constraints of the hood were analyzed and calculated.Under the premise of ensuring the mechanical requirements,we optimized the design of the hood by combining topology optimization and free size optimization,so as to reduce the weight of the hood.The analysis shows that the quality of the hood is reduced by 17.08%,the maximum stress and the maximum strain are reduced by 45.45% and 54.93%,respectively,and the first three order modes are also significantly improved,which improves the usability of the hood and the reliability of the whole machine.