基于Warshall-Floyd算法的船舶结构噪声传递路径研究

结构振动是船舶主要的噪声源，传统测试方法难以有效分析结构噪声的传递路径。本文根据统计能量分析（SEA）理论中的振动子系统概念，利用赋权图方法分析结构噪声的传递规律。将相似模态群抽象成赋权图的顶点，结合能量平衡方程中SEA矩阵建立顶点之间的邻接关系，采用路径效率方法（Path efficiency method）和统计熵方法（Statistical entropy method）两种分析方法，将物理模型转化为最短路径问题（Shortest path problem）的权值矩阵。通过Warshall-Floyd最短路径算法找出权值矩阵中任意两个顶点之间的前N条最短路径，得出任意空间位置的结构噪声源到目标舱室的前N条主要传递路径，对比能量传递路径在不同频带和不同振动模态群的差异，并分析各主要路径在能量传递过程中的权重，揭示船舶结构噪声源传递的一般规律，为降低船舶结构噪声提供指导。
Abstract： The structural vibration is the main noise source for ships,while the traditional test method is difficult to identify the transmission path of structure noises.Based on the concept of vibration subsystems in the statistical energy analysis (SEA) theory,the transfer paths of structure noises were analyzed by using the weight graph method.Abstructing the similar modes groups into points in the graph,and introducing the adjacent relationships among vertex set up by the SEA matrix in the energy balance equation,the physical model was translated into the weighted matrix of a shortest path problem by virtue of the path efficiency method and statistical entropy method.With the Warshall-Floyd algorithm,the first N shortest paths between any two points in the graph were figured out,and the first N dominant transfer paths from the noise source at any position to the targeted cabin were also offered.With the comparison of transfer paths in different frequency bands and different vibration modes groups and with the analysis of the weights of each dominant transfer path,some general rules for the ship’s structure-borne noise transmission were revealed,which provide constructive guidance for the reduction of structure-borne noises.