叶酸代谢影响卵巢功能的研究进展
Research progresses in the effects of folate metabolism on ovarian function

叶酸是一种重要的B 族维生素, 是人体必需的营养物质，参与人体多种生化代谢反应。研究证实，叶酸作为一碳代谢循环 中重要的甲基供体，其对妊娠及妊娠并发症、出生缺陷等具有重要影响。叶酸代谢途径中的关键酶5,10- 亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶 （MTHFR）基因多态性及叶酸代谢在卵巢功能中发挥重要作用。基因多态性及其所致的高同型半胱氨酸水平可导致包括卵泡发育、胚 胎发育、激素分泌等生殖功能及内分泌功能受损。基因多态性与卵巢相关疾病的发生、发展及其治疗的反应性相关。随着对叶酸代谢 的深入了解，MTHFR 基因多态性可能成为一种预测疾病风险的新型遗传标记以及相关基因治疗新的靶点。
： As one of important B vitamins, folate is an essential nutrient for the body and involves in various biochemical and metabolic reactions. Studies have shown that as an important methyl donor in the carbon metabolism cycle, folate has an important impact on pregnancy, pregnancy complications, and birth defects. Further studies have shown that in the folate metabolic pathway, the gene polymorphism and folic acid metabolism of a key enzyme, 5,10- methylenetetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), play an important role in ovarian function. Gene polymorphism and the high homocysteine levels caused by it can lead to the damage of reproductive function and endocrine function, including follicular development, embryonic development, and hormone secretion. Gene polymorphism is also associated with the occurrence and development of ovarian disease and its response to treatment. With the deep understanding of folate metabolism, MTHFR gene polymorphism may become a new genetic marker for predicting the risk of disease and a new target for related gene therapie