循环微RNA作为子宫内膜癌新型生物标志物的研究进展
Research progresses in circulating microRNAs as novel biomarkers for endometrial cancer

微RNA (miRNA) 是一类内源性非编码的小分子RNA，通过抑制靶基因翻译或导致 mRNA 降解，在基因表达调控中发挥着重要作用。miRNA可从肿瘤细胞和组织中释放出来而进入循环外周血中，形成具有高度稳定性和特异性的循环miRNA，从而能够成为肿瘤发生和发展的生物标志物。其中，子宫内膜癌患者循环miRNA的表达与正常人存在差异，并随着肿瘤的发展而具有特异性变化。因此，作为一种新型生物标志物，循环miRNA在子宫内膜癌的早期诊断和预后评判中具有广阔的应用前景。
： MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of endogenous, non-coding small molecule-RNA and play a vital role in regulating gene expression by either inhibiting the translation of target genes or causing the degradation of mRNAs. Numerous studies have found that miRNAs can be released into circular peripheral blood from tumor cells and tissues and form the circulating miRNAs with high stability and high specificity, thus serving as biomarkers for the occurrence and progression of tumors. The circulating miRNA expressions in patients with endometrial cancer are different from those of healthy people and change specifically with the progression of tumors. Therefore, as novel biomarkers, circulating miRNAs have broad application prospects for the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of endometrial cancer