嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法及其在血液肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy and its applications in hematological malignancies immunotherapy

嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞疗法（CAR-T 疗法），是近年来发展迅速的一种新型细胞免疫疗法。它通过基因重组和转染技术，获得 可以特异性地识别肿瘤相关抗原的效应 T 细胞。与常规 T 细胞相比，CAR-T 细胞具有更强的肿瘤靶向性、杀伤活性和持久性。随着 转化医学研究的不断深入，CAR-T 技术经历了 4 代优化与革新，在众多肿瘤疾病尤其是血液系统恶性肿瘤中展现出了有前景的临床疗 效，但该技术的临床应用也带来了脱靶效应、细胞因子风暴等风险。该文就 CAR-T 在血液肿瘤免疫治疗中的进展、不良反应、应对 策略和发展前景作一综述。
： Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy is a new type of immunotherapy, which has been developed rapidly in recent years. By using gene recombination and transfection techniques, CAR-modified effector T cells that specially recognize tumor-associated antigen was produced, which show better properties of targeting, killing activity and durability than conventional T cells. With the development of translational medicine research, CAR-T technology has experienced four generations of optimization and innovation, and presented a promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of various cancers, especially hematological malignancies. However, there are also potential risks with clinical use of this new technology, such as the off-target effect and cytokine storm. In this review, the progress, side effects, coping strategy, and development prospects of CAR-T in hematological malignancies immunotherapy were discussed