不同提取温度对栀子花香气成分的影响
Effect of Different Extraction Temperature on Gardenia Aroma

为了探索接近栀子花(Gardenia jasminoides var.grandiflora Nakai.)自然香型的香气提取工艺,通过在不同温度条件下采用水蒸馏提取栀子鲜花的香气成分,以气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对提取香气和活体香气成分进行测定分析。结果表明,在不同温度下提取的香气成分存在明显差异,其中活体香气成分较多,主要有芳樟醇(45.34%)、香叶醇(8.63%)、萜品醇(7.77%)、橙花醇(4.39%)、茉莉内酯(2.59%)等;100 ℃提取时,主成分为芳樟醇(18.49%)、a-松油醇(14.02%)、橙花醇(8.82%)、香叶醇(16.33%);80 ℃提取时,主成分为芳樟醇(49.94%)、a-松油醇(2.11%)、香叶醇(1.88%)、T-杜松醇(4.79%);60 ℃提取时,主成分为芳樟醇(46.14%)、T-杜松醇(4.33%)、西柏烯 A(7.82%)。从香气的感官评价来看,80 ℃下提取的香气更加贴近自然花香。
This study aimed to make good quality of the gardenia extracts,which has a similar aroma of flower.The flavor of the gardenia was extracted by distillation with water at different temperature.The chemical composition of the extracts and living aroma-active components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that the aromatic constituents and contents of products were distinctly different.The composition of civing aroma was the most,mainly included linalool (45.34%), geraniol(8.63%),terpineol(7.77%),nerol(4.39%),jasmine lactone (2.59%),etc.Extractions at 100 ℃ gave a lower ratio of linalool(18.49%)than extractions at 80 ℃ or 60 ℃.Under the 80 ℃ condition,the principal compound linalool(49.94%)was accompanied by a lesser amount of α-terpineol(2.11%),geraniol(1.88%),t-cadinol(4.79%).In terms of fragrance,the essential oil samples from the extractions done at the 80 ℃ had an odor similar to the original flower’s aroma.