上海市月浦工业区道路绿化土壤重金属污染状况及木本绿化植物中重金属的积累
Heavy metal pollution of road greening soil in Yuepu industrial park in Shanghai and heavy metal accumulation in greening plants in this area

采集上海月浦工业区的土壤样品和木本植物的叶片,通过ICP测定了样品中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn的含量。运用单因子污染指数、内梅罗污染指数和潜在生态危害指数对该地区的土壤重金属污染状况进行了评估。结果表明,月浦工业区内63.9%的土壤样品重金属超过了背景值。其中Cr在共悦路和蕰川公路样地0~5 cm土层中的单因子污染指数分别达到了4.46和2.92,处于严重污染和中等污染水平;其潜在生态危害指数分别为69.36和45.51,具有中等程度的潜在生态风险。园区中Cd虽未超过土壤三级标准,但是在园和路和共悦路0~5 cm土层中的潜在生态危害指数分别达到了88.47和135.12,仍具有较严重的生态风险。在蕰川公路样地的0~5 cm土层、以及共悦路和园和路深层土壤中Cd也具有中等程度的生态风险。而As、Cu、Pb和Zn均处于清洁水平,并且没有潜在的生态风险。在垂直分布上,重金属的含量、污染指数和潜在生态危害指数大体上表现出随土层深度增加而下降的趋势。通过分析叶片中重金属的含量,利用聚类分析评价了园区中15种木本植物的积累重金属的能力。结果发现,园区中患子(Sapindus mukorossi)、火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)、珊瑚树(Viburnum odoratissimum),构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)相较其他植物积累Cd的能力较强;而火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana)和患子(Sapindus mukorossi)具有较强富集Cr的能力。
The concentrations of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in soil samples and woody plants’ leaves taken from Yuepu industrial park were measured by ICP.The heavy metal contamination conditions of soil were assessed with the single factor pollution index,Nemerow index and potential ecological risk index.The results indicated that 63.9% of soil samples’ heavy metal contents exceeded the background values.The single-factor pollution index of Cr in the 0-5 cm soil layer of Gongyue road and Wenchuan road reached 4.46 and 2.92,and was at serious and moderate pollution level respectively.The potential ecological risk indexes of Cr in the two soil layers were 69.36 and 45.51,which meant that there were moderate potential ecological risks in this area.Although Cd concentrations of soil did not exceed the national standard of grade III,the potential ecological risk indexes of Cd in the 0-5 cm soil layer of Gongyue road and Yuanhe road reached 88.47 and 135.12 respectively,and had considerable moderate potential ecological risk.Moreover,the 0-5 cm soil layer of Wenchuan road and deep soil layers of Gongyue road and Yuanhe road had moderate potential ecological risk.As,Cu,Pb and Zn in soil were at clean level without potential ecological risk.In vertical distribution,the heavy metal content,pollution index and potential ecological risk generally decreased with soil depth increasing.After measuring heavy metal contents in leaves,the heavy metal accumulation capabilities of 15 woody plants in the industrial park were evaluated through clustering analysis.It was showed that Sapindus mukorossi,Pyracantha fortuneana,Viburnum odoratissimum and Broussonetia papyrifera had stronger abilities to accumulate Cd compared with the other plants in the industrial park,while P.fortuneana and S.mukorossi had stronger abilities to accumulate Cr.