黑石顶自然保护区巨蚓科蚯蚓系统发育分析
Phylogeny of the Family Megascolecidae Earthworms from Guangdong Heishiding Nature Reserve

巨蚓科蚯蚓是我国的主要蚯蚓类群,运用分子系统学方法研究其系统发育具有重要价值。本研究采用测定的线粒体COI、12S与16S基因序列,分析其序列特征,构建了广东黑石顶自然保护区的巨蚓科蚯蚓的最大似然树与贝叶斯树,确定该区域物种间的分子系统发育关系,明确远盲蚓属与腔蚓属均非单系群。研究还基于松散分子钟估算了不同物种之间的分化时间。该保护区的巨蚓科祖先进行物种分化起于始新世中期[42.88 百万年前(Ma)],其腔蚓属蚯蚓约起源于中新世前期。
Earthworms belonging to the family Megascolecidae is the most important and widely distributed in China.Molecular phylogenetic analysis is of important value to understand their phylogeny.In this study,we collected 17 species of earthworms from Heishiding Nature Reserve.After extracting and sequencing mitochondrial genes COI,12S and 16S,the phylogenetic trees were constructed by maximum likelihood method and Bayesian method respectively,and the divergence times were estimated by Bayesian method based on lognormal relaxed clock.The result shows that the genus Amynthas and Metaphire are not monophyletic;the ancestors of Megascolecidae from this reserve started diverging on Middle Eocene(42.88 Ma),and Metaphire originated no later than Early Miocene.