分层滤池-人工湿地工艺处理景观河水的研究
Treatment of river water by using combined multi-layered biological filter and constructed wetland

目前,我国城市景观河道污染现象普遍,景观河水通常具有水量大,浓度低,碳/氮(磷)比不合理等特点,常规的市政污水处理工艺难于适用。本文采用分层生物滤池与人工湿地组合工艺对景观河水进行处理研究。结果表明,组合工艺对污染景观河水有较好的净化效果。分层生物滤池水力负荷为2.40 m3/m2/d,人工湿地水力负荷为0.25 m3/m2/d条件下,进水氨氮NH+4-N、总氮TN、总磷TP和化学需氧量(重铬酸钾指数)CODCr浓度分别为0.70~1.46、0.73~1.82、0.087~0.126和15.50~20.10 mg/L,组合工艺出水各指标平均浓度分别为0.52、0.77、0.039和13.4 mg/L,对应的去除率为53.67%、42.05%、56.10%和30.19%,达到地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)中规定的III、III、II和II类标准。人工湿地采用碎石/沸石复合填料,且种植芦苇时,处理效果最佳。种植植物可提升系统对污染物的去除率约11%。
At present,China's urban landscape river pollution is widespread.The landscape river water is difficult to be treated by conventional municipal wastewater treatment process because of its large quantity,low concentration,unreasonable carbon nitrogen (phosphorus) ratio.In this study,a combined process of multi-layered biological filter and constructed wetland was applied to treat landscape river water.The results show that there are significant purification effects of the combined process on polluted landscape river water.When the hydraulic loading of the multi-layered biological filter is 2.40 m3/m2/d,hydraulic loading of the constructed wetland is 0.25 m3/m2/d.NH+4-N,TN,TP and CODCr concentrations in the influent are 0.70-1.46,0.73-1.82,0.087-0.126 and 15.50-20.10 mg/L.The average concentrations in the effluent are 0.52,0.77,0.039 and 13.4 mg/L,respectively,corresponding to the pollutant removal rates of 53.67% 42.05%,56.10%,and 30.19%,which could meet the III,III,II and II standards specified in China’s environmental quality standards for surface water (GB3838-2002).Constructed wetland could achieve the best treatment effect if using gravel / zeolite composite filler and with reeds.Plants,such as reeds,can increase the pollutant removal efficiency up to 11%.