基于多普勒特征恢复的声矢量阵鲁棒自适应波束形成方法
Doppler feature restoration based robust adaptive beamforming for acoustic vector-sensor array

在短快拍、信号导向矢量失配环境下，传统的自适应波束形成方法性能受到影响，对角加载技术是提高算法在复杂环境下性能鲁棒性的重要技术之一。针对水声环境和水声信号特点，提出一种基于声矢量阵的自适应波束形成方法。该方法利用水声信号的多普勒频率信息，在不同环境下自适应地选择最优对角加载因子，确定波束形成的权矢量，从而实现提取期望目标信号、抑制干扰和噪声的目的。需任何用户参数，鲁棒性强、估计精度高。最后基于声矢量阵进行仿真实验，仿真结果证明了所提出的方法能够有效地获取目标信号，具有较好的抗干扰能力。
According to the characteristics of underwater acoustic environment and signals, a diagonal loading adaptive beamforming method based on the vector hydrophone array is proposed for the purpose of improving the robustness of the traditional adaptive beamforming method in the presence of finite sample effect, signal-of-interest steering vector mismatch and/or model array error. This method determines the appropriate diagonal loading level adaptively by using the Doppler information of acoustic signals, then obtains the weight vector to extract the signal-of-interest and suppresses interference signals. Simulation results illustrate the superior performance of the proposed robust user-parameter-free beamformer in the cases of low signal to noise ratio and short snapshot numbers.