上海市浦东新区某社区脑卒中高危人群筛查报告

Objective To evaluate the exposure level and distribution characteristics of the risk factors for stroke in a community of Pudong New Area,Shanghai,and to provide basic data for building screening intervention system for high-risk population for stroke in the community.Methods Zhuqiao community residents who were older than 45 years in Pudong New Area were investigated by cluster sampling,and those of high-risk for stroke underwent carotid artery ultrasound.Results Of 933 (15.6%) high-risk population enrolled for stroke,178 (3.0%) were transient ischemic attack and 755 (12.6%) were with more than 3 risk factors.Among people with more than 3 risk factors,hypertension,overweight/obesity,lack of exercise,smoking history,diabetes,dyslipidemia,family history and atrial fibrillation were as risk factors for stroke in turn.The prevalence of diabetes and dyslipidemia was higher in female.Overweight/obesity and smoking history rate was higher in male.The prevalence of dyslipidemia,overweight/obesity and family history among people older than 65 years was higher than younger.The detection rate of carotid atherosclerosis,plaque and mild stenosis by ultrasound was 383 (50.7%),379 (50.2%) and 100 (13.2%) respectively,but only 5 (0.7%) in moderate and severe stenosis.And the proportion of single,multiple,irregular and hypoechoic plaque was 234 (61.7%),145 (38.3%),368 (98.9%) and 9 (2.4%).Conclusions The detection rate of high-risk population for stroke is relatively low in Zhuqiao community of Shanghai.Among people with more than 3 risk factors,there are some differences of carotid plaques characteristics and stenosis degree,so it is necessary to carry out interventions including health education and follow-up from two perspectives based on whole and high risk population.