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Boron Particle Ignition in Secondary Chamber of Ducted Rocket

DOI: 10.1155/2012/160620

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Abstract:

In the secondary chamber of ducted rocket, there exists a relative speed between boron particles and air stream. Hence, the ignition laws under static conditions cannot be simply applied to represent the actual ignition process of boron particles, and it is required to study the effect of forced convective on the ignition of boron particles. Preheating of boron particles in gas generator makes it possible to utilize the velocity difference between gas and particles in secondary chamber for removal of the liquid oxide layer with the aid of Stoke's forces. An ignition model of boron particles is formulated for the oxide layer removal by considering that it results from a boundary layer stripping mechanism. The shearing action exerted by the high-speed flow causes a boundary layer to be formed in the surface of the liquid oxide layer, and the stripping away of this layer accounts for the accelerated ignition of boron particles. Compared with the King model, as the ignition model of boron particles is formulated for the oxide layer removal by considering that it results from a boundary layer stripping mechanism, the oxide layer thickness thins at all times during the particle ignition and lower the ignition time. 1. Introduction Systematic advances in missile propulsion systems technology have provided large increases in missile performance capabilities. Replacement of much of solid propellant rocket oxidizer with free stream air, as in the ducted rocket concept, offers over 5 to 1 increase in missile range capability [1]. Boron has been considered for many years as a prime candidate used for increasing the ducted rocket capabilities based on its high potential energy release on both a volumetric and gravimetric basis coupled with a high energy of combustion, high combustion temperature, and low-molecular-weight products [2]. These properties make boron an attractive material for use in ducted rocket propellants [3]. In order for these advantages to be realized, however, the boron particles must ignite and burn completely within a very limited residence time. Since boron particles are generally initially coated with an oxide layer with inhibits combustion and since boron has an extremely high boiling point, which necessitates surface burning subsequent to oxide removal, this can become difficult, particularly under adverse operating conditions [4]. In previous work, two scenarios for boron ignition and combustion have been identified, which differ in the controlling element in the overall process mechanism [5]. Two controversial theories remain to be

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