矿业棕地公园生态安全格局建构与评价分析

针对生态环境严重恶化的矿业棕地，提出生态化建构的矿业棕地公园为修复对策，以保证棕地景观生态安全.矿业棕地公园景观生态安全格局，依MCR模型建构，将矿业棕地公园内的人工自然生态斑块在景观尺度内作为生态安全格局中的“源”整体考虑，即人工自然的源.人工自然斑块源之间进行联结，依据岛屿理论模型，各“源”间的阻力等值线相切形成鞍状.在生态能流扩散过程中，这个鞍状区就成为不同“源”间的“战略点”.组分经确定即设计为矿业城市的生态基础设施.通过选取的景观指数评价分析，与传统规划设计模式对比，矿业棕地公园的生态安全格局与国家倡导的矿山公园相比较，景观破碎化程度明显下降、景观分离度显著变小.景观多样性降低、景观优势程度加大、景观的蔓延度增高.
Aiming at the mining brownfield of which the ecological environment is badly worsening, a mining brownfield park based on ecological tectonic is presented to keep ecological safety on brownfield landscape. The landscape ecological security patterns of mining brownfield park constructed by MCR model take the artificial natural ecological patches in brownfield parks as "origins" in ecological security pattern at landscape scale, which means the origin of artificial nature. The origins of artificial natural patches bind each other, and according to island theory model, the resistance contours between every origin forms saddle tangentially. This saddle area would become "strategic points" between different "origins" in ecological energy flow spreading process. By analyzing the selected landscape indexes and comparing with traditional planing design pattern, the ecological security pattern of mining brownfield park and the degree of landscaped fragmentation decline obviously, the landscape isolation diminishes obviously, while the landscape diversity reduces. The degree of landscape dominance and landscape spread increases.