沥青路面坑槽三维重构与指标计算方法

为实现沥青路面坑槽深度、面积和体积等多维度指标准确的自动检测，基于新兴的三维线激光技术对3个不同尺寸的室内坑槽模型进行扫描，利用TIN平面插值法在MATLAB软件中实现了激光点云数据的三维模型重构，进而结合等高线提取算法计算了坑槽多维度指标，采用ASTM试验标准验证了指标计算方法的有效性，在此基础上分析了不同尺寸坑槽的深度、面积和体积指标检测误差的变化规律.结果表明：坑槽深度、面积和体积计算结果最大相对误差分别为4.60%、3.87%、10.82%，并随坑槽尺寸的不断增大，深度和面积指标的相对误差逐渐减小，利用三维线激光技术可实现坑槽多维度指标准确检测.研究结果可以用于坑槽严重程度的自动化快速判别、破坏层位确定和修补材料估算等方面.
To detect the depth, area and volume of potholes automatically, three test bodies with different sizes were scanned by 3D line laser technology. TIN plane interpolation method was employed to reconstruct the 3D laser-point cloud data model, and a combination of contour line pick-up algorithm was used to calculate multi-dimension indexes of potholes. The ASTM experimental criteria was adopted to verify the validity of index calculating method, and the error rules of depth, area and volume indexes of potholes in different sizes were analyzed. Results show that the maximum relative errors of depth, area and volume of potholes were 4.60%, 3.87% and 10.82%, respectively, and the relative errors of depth and area decrease with increasing of potholes sizes. Accurate detection of multi-dimension index of potholes could be achieved with utilization of line laser technology, and this proposed method could provide the basis for fast and accurate judgement of severity of potholes, determination of damage level and estimation of repair materials.