法律如何治理――后形而上法哲学反思

“通过法律的治理”通常假定我们可以凭借理性在法律系统内部建构并维系关于“合法/非法”的有效区分。然而，法律的实践却时时隐藏着“合法即非法”的悖论。法律系统越是感觉到需要法律规范的形式化固守或是实质性矫正去悖论，就越会倾向于强化国家的建制化权力，也就越容易导致其沦为国家主义的工具。而以程序主义观念这样一种交往理性的形式化表达来建立基于合法律性的合法性，可以在以“共识/合意”为导向的法律沟通过程中最大限度地避免“法官以个人专断僭越法律共识”的合法性风险。
“Governance by law” usually assumes that we can clearly distinguish between “legal” and “illegal” within the legal system. However, the practice of law always conceals the paradox of “Legal is illegal”. The more legal system needs to be firmly formalized or substantially corrected to eliminate the paradox, the more it tends to strengthen the institutionalized power of the state, and the more it becomes a nationalist tool. To establish legitimacy based on legality, communicative rationality is mainly realized by formal expression of procedural ideas. Thus, in the legal communication process oriented to “consensus/ agreement”, we can effectively avoid the legitimate risk of judge’s arbitrary arrogating the legal consensus.