授权地方改革试点决定的性质与功能探析

全国人大常委会授权地方改革试点决定因其合法性问题而引发了不少研究者的讨论。参与讨论的研究者们的分歧在于能否将“暂时调整”或“暂时停止”定性为法律修改。《立法法》（2015）第13条在法律层面确认了授权地方改革试点决定所形成的法律修改的试验模式。在全面深化改革与全面推进依法治国的背景下，法律修改的试验模式是以法治引领与保障改革的重要方式，也是完善中国特色社会主义法律体系的现实选择，同时也是协调法治与改革关系的可行途径。授权地方改革试点决定功能的发挥必须依仗相应报告制度的强化与完善。
Decisions of The NPC Standing Committee to authorize the pilot of local reform had been discussed by researchers because of their legitimacy. The differencebetween the researchers involved in the discussion is whether the temporary adjustment or suspension is the revision of law or not. The trial mode of revision of law, which is created by these decisions, had been confirmed by the article 13 of Legislation Law of the PRC (2015 Amendment). This mode, in the background of comprehensively deepening reform and comprehensively promoting rule of law, is a significant pattern of reform led and protected by the rule of law, a realistic choice improving socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and a feasible way to coordinate the relationship between the rule of law and reform. The roles that The NPC Standing Committee’s decisionscan play must depend on strengthening and perfecting relevant reporting system.