反垄断规制功能的行业限定――兼论银行业反垄断规制的功能定位

功能定位不清晰是造成垄断行业反垄断规制步履维艰的主因。反垄断规制承载着舆论期待的多元功能，但不确定性特征决定其在保护市场竞争、促进经济效率和维护社会公共利益等规制功能层面的局限性。反垄断规制功能的行业定位是独立而非附庸、工具而非万能、规制而非控制以及助推而非主导。反垄断规制的功能困境在银行业的适用过程中表现得尤为明显，银行市场存在着特征鲜明、富有持续性的规制壁垒。伴随市场化进程的推进以及后金融危机时代监管理念的变革，反垄断规制越来越契合银行业发展的功能需求。银行业反垄断规制应当通过权力优化配置、市场竞争引导、替代解决和发展趋势助推等功能的发挥，推动银行业的法治化、市场化和民主化。
Function ambiguity is the main reason for the dilemma of antitrust regulation in monopoly industries such as banking. Antitrust regulation carries the pluralistic function from public opinion expectation, however, it is limited by the function of protecting market competition, promoting economic efficiency and maintaining social public interest because of uncertainty characteristic. The function orientation of antitrust regulation is independent rather than dependency, tool doctrine rather than universal doctrine, regulation rather than control, and boost rather than dominant. The function dilemma of the antitrust regulation is particularly evident in the banking industry. There are obvious regulation barriers in the banking market. With the marketization and the regulatory reform going on, the antitrust regulation becomes more and more fit for the functional requirements of the development of the banking industry. Through the optimization of the allocation of power, market competition guidance, alternative solutions and boost function, the antitrust regulation of banking industrypromotes the legalization, market-oriented and democratization of the banking industry.