民事审限制度的异化及其矫正

审限作为规范法院审判行为、提高诉讼效率的一项制度，在实践中发挥了一定的积极作用。然而，统一的审结期限之规定无法满足个案的具体需求，加之严格的审判绩效考核，导致民事审判实践中“隐性超审限”现象突出；当事人对法院随意变更审限无提出异议之权利，导致司法信任危机。强调当事人与法院的诉讼促进义务，给予当事人程序管理之参与权利，是解决诉讼迟延以及司法正当化的制度选择。
Trial time system which is aimed to regulate the trial and improve the efficiency of litigation plays a positive role in legal practice. But uniform provisions of the trial time system can not fit to every case. And due to the severe performance appraisal, the trial time is exceeded recessively in the civil trial practice. The parties have not rights to demur when the court changes the trial time randomly, and this leads to the judicial trust crisis. In order to solve the above problems, we need to emphasize the obligations of litigation promotion both from the party and the court, and give the right of procedural administration to the party.