社会系统及其互动：刑事和解中“以钱买罪”现象新解

刑事和解中存在“以钱买罪”。恢复性司法说与“新传统说”都未能对其性质和功能进行恰当定位。借助社会系统论，刑事和解中对经济支付手段的利用可以得到恰当解释。现代社会子系统间的互动由系统媒介产生和延续。“以钱买罪”现象在刑事法运作中的出现是经济支付媒介与刑事法判断互动的产物。在部分案件中，经济支付能够通过抽象性支付功能恢复被害受损利益。刑事法上根据系统间互动产生的对行为与行为人责任的区分可以放到现代社会系统运作视角下予以考察。根据经济支付所做出的责任区分并非科学意义上的精确，也会随着社会认知的变动而调整。因此，被告人经济支付并非当然推定刑事责任减免。司法者的解释在系统性的视角下依然具有重要意义。
There is “buying sentence” in criminal reconciliation. There is no contradiction between monetary compensation and criminal law principles. Both are the systemic operations of modern society. Restorative justice theory and the “new tradition” theory cannot properly explain the phenomenon and its legitimacy in criminal justice system. In the perspective of social systems theory, the payment by economic means can be interpreted properly. Modern social sub-systems are functionally differentiated, self-referential and secondary order observational. Buying sentence embodies the interactions between economic system and criminal justice code, and it is the way of social integration. In modern society, economic payments can compensate the injured interests of the victims in some criminal cases. The distinction between the behavior and the responsibility of the perpetrator in the criminal law according to the interaction between systems should be examined in the perspective of modern social system operation. The division of responsibility according to the economic payments is not accurate in the sense of science and alterable with the changes in social cognition. Therefore, the defendant’s economic payment is not a necessary premise of criminal liability. The judicial interpretation is still of great significance from a systematic perspective.