全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Obstetric Hemorrhage and Hypothermia: Chilling Facts

DOI: 10.4236/ojog.2018.813128, PP. 1260-1270

Keywords: Coagulopathy, Hemorrhage, Hemorrhagic Shock, Hypothermia, Postpartum Hemorrhage

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Objective: This clinical perspective reviews the causes, prevention and treatment of accidental hypothermia in severe obstetric hemorrhage. Results: Hypothermia commonly accompanies hemorrhagic shock. Hypothermia can inhibit blood coagulation, reduce cardiac contractility, predispose to arrhythmias, contribute to acidosis, and suppress immune function. Several techniques for warming a patient or reducing heat loss are available. Keeping the patient dry, covering her with blankets, and raising the ambient temperature in the room are valuable. Methods to transmit heat actively are more effective. Forced warm air blowers are efficient. Heating intravenous fluids is important, and warm fluid lavage of the open abdomen can be effective. Conclusion: Monitoring core temperature in the operating room and choosing therapy is a shared responsibility of surgeon and anesthesiologist.

References

[1]  Sessler, D.I. (2008) Temperature Monitoring and Perioperative Thermoregulation. Anesthesiology, 109, 318-338.
https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e31817f6d76
[2]  Tsuji, T. (1987) Patient Monitoring during and after Open Heart Surgery: An Improved Deep Body Thermometer. Medical Progress through Technology, 12, 25-38.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3361-3_4
[3]  Rajagopalan, S., Mascha, E., Na, J. and Sessler, D.I. (2008) The Effects of Mild Perioperative Hypothermia on Blood Loss and Transfusion Requirement. Anesthesiology, 108, 71-77.
https://doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000296719.73450.52
[4]  Sessler, D.I. (1997) Mild Perioperative Hypothermia. New England Journal of Medicine, 336, 1730-1737.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199706123362407
[5]  Trentzsch, H., Nienaber, U., Behnke, M., Lefering, R. and Piltz, S. (2014) Female Sex Protects from Organ Failure and Sepsis after Major Trauma Hemorrhage. Injury, 45, S20-S28.
[6]  Charkoudian, N. and Stachenfeld, N. (2016) Sex Hormone Effects on Autonomic Mechanisms of Thermoregulation in Humans. Autonomic Neuroscience, 196, 75-80.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2015.11.004
[7]  Morison, S.F., Nakamura, K. and Madden, C.J. (2008) Central Control of Thermogenesis in Mammals. Experimental Physiology, 93, 773-797.
https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2007.041848
[8]  Dietrichs, E.S., Sager, G. and Tvieta, T. (2016) Altered Pharmacological Effects of Adrenergic Agonists during Acute Hypothermia. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 24, 143-151.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-016-0339-8
[9]  Gubler, K.D., Gentiello, L.M., Hassantash, S.A., and Maier, R.V. (1994) The Impact of Hypothermia on Dilutional Coagulopathy. Journal of Trauma, 36, 847-851.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199406000-00015
[10]  Brohi, K., Cohen, M.J., Ganter, M.T., Matthay, M.A., Mackersie, R.C. and Pittet, J.F. (2007) Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy: Initiated through Hypoperfusion; Modulated through Protein C Pathway? Annals of Surgery, 245, 812-818.
[11]  Watts, D.D., Trask, A., Soeken, K., Perdue, P., Dols, S. and Kaufmann, C. (1998) Hypothermic Coagulopathy in Trauma: Effect of Varying Levels of Hypothermia on Enzyme Speed, Platelet Function, and Fibrinolytic Activity. Journal of Trauma, 44, 846-854.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00005373-199805000-00017
[12]  Martini, W.Z. (2009) Coagulopathy by Hypothermia and Acidosis: Mechanisms of Thrombin Generation and Fibrinogen Availability. Journal of Trauma, 67, 202-208.
https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0b013e3181a602a7
[13]  Frank, S.M., Fleisher, L.A., Breslow, M.J., Higgins, M.S., Olson, K.F., Kelly, S., et al. (1997) Perioperative Maintenance of Normothermia Reduces the Incidence of Morbid Cardiac Events: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 277, 1127-1134.
https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1997.03540380041029
[14]  Lenhardt, R., Marker, E., Goll, V., Tschernich, H., Kurz, A., Sessler, D.I., et al. (1997) Mild Intraoperative Hypothermia Prolongs Postanesthetic Recovery. Anesthesiology, 87, 1318-1323.
https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199712000-00009
[15]  Hildebrand, F., van Griensven, M., Giannoudis, P., Schreiber, T., Frink, M., Probst, C., et al. (2005) Impact of Hypothermia on the Immunologic Response after Trauma and Elective Surgery. Surgical Technology International, 14, 41-50.
[16]  Lenhardt, R. (2010) The Effect of Anesthesia on Body Temperature Control. Frontiers in Bioscience, 2, 1145-1154.
https://doi.org/10.2741/s123
[17]  Madrid, E., Urrútia, G., Roqué, I., Figuls, M., Pardo-Hernandez, H., Campos, J.M., et al. (2016) Active Body Surface Warming Systems for Preventing Complications Caused by Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia in Adults. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4, Article ID: CD009016.
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009016.pub2
[18]  Sultan, P., Habib, A.S., Cho, Y. and Carvalho, B (2015) The Effect of Patient Warming during Caesarean Delivery on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 115, 500-510.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aev325
[19]  Brauer, A. and Quintel, M. (2009) Forced-Air Warming: Technology, Physical Background and Practical Aspects. Current Opinion in Anesthesiology, 22, 769-774.
https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0b013e328331d134
[20]  Campbell, G., Alderson, P., Smith, A.F. and Warttig, S. (2015) Warming of Intravenous and Irrigation Fluids for Preventing Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 4, Article ID: CD009891.
[21]  Lampe, J.W. and Becker, L.B. (2011) State of the Art in Therapeutic Hypothermia. Annual Review of Medicine, 62, 79-93.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-052009-150512

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133