A previous preon model for
the substructure of the standard model quarks and leptons is completed to
provide a model of Planck scale gravity and black holes. Gravity theory with
torsion is introduced in the model. Torsion has been shown to produce an
axial-vector field coupled to spinors, in the present case preons, causing an
attractive preon-preon interaction. This is assumed to be the leading term of
UV gravity. The boson has an estimated mass near the Planck scale. At high
enough density it can materialize and become the center of a black hole. Chiral
phase preons are proposed to form the horizon with thickness of order of Planck
length. Using quantum information theoretic concepts this is seen to lead to an
area law of black hole entropy.
References
[1]
Raitio, R. (1980) A Model of Lepton and Quark Structure. Physica Scripta, 22, 197.
https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/22/3/002
[2]
Raitio, R. (2016) Combinatorial Preon Model for Matter and Unification. Open Access Library Journal, 3: e3032.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103032
[3]
Raitio, R. (2017) On the Conformal Unity between Quantum Particles and General Relativity. Open Access Library Journal, 4: e3342.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103342
[4]
Raitio, R. (2017) Preons, Standard Model, Gravity with Torsion and Black Holes. Open Access Library Journal, 4: e3632.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1103632
[5]
Finkelstein, R. (2016) On the SLq(2) Extension of the Standard Model and the Measure of Charge. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 32, Article ID: 17300010. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X17300010
[6]
Cartan, E. (1980) Cosmology and Gravitation: Spin, Torsion, Rotation, and Supergravity. In: Bergmann, P.G. and de Sabbata, V., Eds., NATO ASIB Proc. 58: Cosmology and Gravitation: Spin, Torsion, Rotation, and Supergravity, 489-491.
[7]
Kibble, T. (1961) Lorentz Invariance and the Gravitational Field. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 2, 212. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1703702
[8]
Sciama, D. (1962) In Recent Developments in General Relativity. Oxford.
[9]
Fabbri, L. (2017) Foundations Quadrilogy.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02287
[10]
Wolf, M., Verstraete, F., Hastings, M. and Cirac, J. (2008) Area Laws in Quantum Systems: Mutual Information and Correlations. Physical Review Letters, 100, Article ID: 070502.
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.100.070502
[11]
Greenberg, O. (2009) The Color Charge Degree of Freedom in Particle Physics, Compendium of Quantum Physics Berger. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 109-111.
[12]
Thomson, W. (1868) VI. —On Vortex Motion on Vortex Motion. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 25, 217-260.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0080456800028179
[13]
Faddeev, L. and Niemi, A. (1997) Knots and Particles. Nature, 387, 58-66.
https://doi.org/10.1038/387058a0
[14]
Hamzavi1, M., Movahedi, M., Thylwe, K.E. and Rajabi, A. (2012) Approximate Analytical Solution of the Yukawa Potential with Arbitrary Angular Momenta. Chinese Physics Letters, 29, Article ID: 080302.
https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/29/8/080302
[15]
Raitio, R. (2015) The Decay of a Black Hole in a GUT Model. Open Access Library Journal, 2, Article ID: e2031.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102031
[16]
Misner, C. and Sharp, D. (1964) Relativistic Equations for Adiabatic, Spherically Symmetric Gravitational Collapse. Physical Review, 136, B571-B576.
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.136.b571
[17]
Hernandez, W.C. and Misner, C.W. (1966) Observer Time as a Coordinate in Relativistic Spherical Hydrodynamics. The Astrophysical Journal, 143, 452-464.
https://doi.org/10.1086/148525
[18]
Cahill, M.E. and McVittie, G.C. (1970) Spherical Symmetry and Mass-Energy in General Relativity I. General Theory. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 11 1382-1391.
[19]
Brown, J. and York, J.J. (1993) Quasilocal Energy and Conserved Charges Derived from the Gravitational Action. Physical Review, 47, 1407.
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.47.1407
[20]
Raitio, R. (2016) Standard Model Matter Emerging from Spacetime Preons. Open Access Library Journal, 3, Article ID: e2788.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102788
[21]
Rovelli, C. (2011) Zakopane Lectures on Loop Gravity. Physics, PoS QGQGS2011, 003 [arXiv/gr-qc:1102.3660].
[22]
Maldacena, J. and Susskind, L. (2013) Cool Horizons for Entangled Black Holes. Fortschritte der Physik, 61, 781-811.
https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.201300020
[23]
Bars, I., Steinhardt, P. and Turok, N. (2013) Cyclic Cosmology, Conformal Symmetry and the Metastability of the Higgs. Physics Letters, B726, 50-55.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2013.08.071
[24]
Fabbri, L. (2007) On a Completely Antisymmetric Cartan Torsion Tensor. Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie, 32, 215.
[25]
Hayashi, K. (1976) Restrictions on Gauge Theory of Gravitation. Physics Letters B, B65, 437-440.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(76)90437-8
[26]
Yu, X. (1989) Astrophysical and Space. Science, 154, 321.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00642814
[27]
Audretsch, J. and Lammerzahl, C. (1988) Constructive Axiomatic Approach to Spacetime Torsion. Classical & Quantum Gravity, 5, 1285.
https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/5/10/008
[28]
Macias, A. and Lammerzahl, C. (1993) On the Dimensionality of Space-Time. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 34, 4540.
[29]
Fannes, M., Nachtergaele, B. and Werner, R. (1992) Finitely Correlated States on Quantum Spin Chains. Communications in Mathematical Physics, 144, 443.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02099178
