The purpose of this study is to reveal the flame spreading mechanism of tsunami fire. But the mechanism of tsunami fire is so complex that we couldn’t assess qualitatively. So the basic research on tsunami fire is needed. As a first step, we did flame spread experiment on only liquid fuel and liquid fuel/water layer under static liquid fuel. We measured flame spread rate. As a result, fuel thickness is in range of 5 - 15 mm, and flame spread rate over only liquid fuel is faster than liquid fuel/water layer’s at same fuel thickness. To reveal the gap of the flame spread rate at same liquid fuel thickness, we visualized current distribution by PIV and thermal boundary layer by shadowgraph method. By these results, we revealed that the thermal characteristic length is longer and the current characteristic depth of liquid fuel/water is deeper than that of liquid only fuel.
References
[1]
Burgoyne, J.H., Roberts, A.F. and Quinton, P.G. (1968) The Spread of Flame Across a Liquid Surface. I. The Induction Period. Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 308, 39-53. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1968.0206
[2]
Ross, H.D. (1994) Ignition of and Flame Spread over Laboratory-Scale Pools of Pure Liquid Fuels. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 20, 17-63.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(94)90005-1
[3]
Grassman, I. and Dryer, F. (1981) Flame Spreading across Liquid Fuels. Fire Safety Journal, 3, 123-138.
[4]
Glassman, I., Hansel, J. and Eklund, T. (1969) Hydrodynamic Effects in the Flame Spreading, Ignitability and Steady Burning of Liquid Fuels. Combustion and Flame, 13, 99-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(69)90037-6
[5]
Garcia-Ybarra, P.L., Antoranz, J.C., Sankovitch, V. and Castillo, J.L. (1994) Experimental Evidence of Self-Excited Relaxation Oscillations Leading to Homoclinic Behavior in Spreading Flames. Physical Review E, 49, 5225-5229.
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.49.5225
[6]
Millar, F.J., and Ross, H.D. (1992) An Enhanced Flame Radiation Burner. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 24, 1075-1083.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80127-X
[7]
Akita, K. (1972) Some Problems of Flame Spread along a Liquid Surface. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 14, 1075-1083.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(73)80097-9
[8]
Ito, A., Masuda, D. and Saito, K. (1991) A Study of Flame Spread over Alcohols Using Holographic Interferometry. Combustion and Flame, 83, 375-389.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(91)90084-O
[9]
Hirano, T., Suzuki, T., Mashiko, I. and Tanabe, N. (1980) Gas Movements in Front of Flames Propagating Across Methanol. Combustion Science Technology, 22, 83-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102208008952373
[10]
Mackinven, R., Hansel, F. and Glassman, I. (1970) Influence of Laboratory Parameters on Flame Spread Across Liquid Fuels. Combustion Science Technology, 1, 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102206908952209
[11]
Konishi, T., Ito, A., Kudou, Y. and Saito, K. (2002) The Role of a Flame-Induced Liquid Surface Wave on Pulsating Flame Spread. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 29, 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1540-7489(02)80036-0
[12]
Matsumoto, Y. and Saito, T. (1981) Flame Propagation over Liquid Fuel at Sub-Flash Temperature. Bulletin of JSEM, 24, 160-167.
https://doi.org/10.1299/jsme1958.24.160
[13]
Takahashi, K., Ito, A., Kudo, Y., Konishi, T. and Saito, K. (2008) Scaling Analysis on Pulsating Flame Spread over Liquids. International Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2008, Article ID: 178292. https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/178292
[14]
Heet Transfer Engineering Materials. Revised Edition 4, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.
[15]
(2013) Material Safety Data Sheet. Sankyo Rikagaku Co., Ltd.
[16]
Tang, M.J., et al. (2015) Supplement of Atmos. Chemical Physics, 15, 5585-5598.
[17]
Kuhlmann, H.C., Lappa, M., Melnikov, D., Mukin, R., Muldoon, F.H., Pushkin, D., Shevtsova, V. and Ueno, I. (2014) The Jeremi-Project on Thermocapillary Convection in Liquid Bridges. Part A: Overview of Particle Accumulation Structures. Fluid Dynamics and Materials Processing, 10, 1-36.
[18]
Dymond, J.H. and Oye, H.A. (1993) Viscosity of Selected Liquid n-Alkanes.
http://www.nist.gov/srd/upload/jpcrd468.pdf
