一步光催化法净化处理Cd²⁺和RhB废水溶液的研究
The Research of Purification Wastewater Containing Cd²⁺ and RhB Dye by a One-Pot Photocatalytic Method

DOI: 10.12677/JAPC.2016.54012, PP. 105-111

Keywords: Cd²⁺，RhB，一步光催化
Cd²⁺, RhB, One-Step Photocatalysis

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Abstract:

以Cd²⁺离子和罗丹明B (RhB)分子共存的废水溶液为研究对象，提出了一步光催化净化思路：即首先向溶液中加入磷酸盐使Cd²⁺固化形成Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O沉淀，再利用Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O在紫外光照射下产生的活性物种原位氧化分解RhB，实现了溶液中Cd²⁺和RhB同时去除的目的。研究了镉盐种类、磷酸盐种类以及光照三个因素对Cd²⁺-RhB溶液处理的影响，结果发现，Cd(CH₃COO)₂、CdSO₄和Cd(NO₃)₂都能被磷酸盐固化形成Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O沉淀，在紫外光照射下，降解RhB的顺序为：Cd(NO₃)₂ > CdSO₄ > Cd(CH₃COO)₂；Na₃PO₄、Na₂HPO₄和NaH₂PO₄都能与镉离子反应生成Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O沉淀，在紫外光照射下，降解RhB的顺序为：Na₃PO₄ > NaH₂PO₄ > Na₂HPO₄；而没有紫外光和催化剂的条件下，RhB分子不会降解。
This work proposes a one-pot photocatalytic method to purify wastewater containing Cd²⁺ and RhB dye. In briefly, by addition of phosphates to immobilize cadmium ions, Cd₅H₂(PO₄)₄？4H₂O pre-cipitates were initially formed. The Cd₅H₂(PO₄)₄？4H₂O could be excited by UV to generate active species and then degraded RhB in situ, addressing the simultaneous removal of Cd²⁺ and RhB solu-tion. The effect of cadmium ion species, phosphate type and light irradiation on the structure of the formed products and the removal performance for Cd²⁺-RhB solution was investigated. The results showed that all cadmium ions such as Cd(CH₃COO)₂, CdSO₄ and Cd(NO₃)₂ could be immobilized to form Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O, which indicated the activity order for RhB as Cd(NO₃)₂ > CdSO₄ > Cd(CH₃COO)₂. Three phosphates like Na₃PO₄, Na₂HPO₄ and NaH₂PO₄ could immobilize cadmium ions to obtain Cd₅H₂(PO)₄？4H₂O that possessed the activity order for RhB as Na₃PO₄ > NaH₂PO₄ > Na₂HPO₄. In the absence of UV light and photocatalyst, RhB could not be degraded.

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