人工影响天气对气象防灾减灾作用
Effects of Weather Modification on Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

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Keywords: 人工增雨，人工防雹，防灾减灾
Artificial Precipitation, Artificial Hail Suppression, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation

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Abstract:

人工影响天气是人们科学把握客观规律，合理开发、利用、改造自然的一项重要气象科技手段。山东作为一个自然灾害和突发事件多发的省份，多年来，在抵御干旱和冰雹过程中，积极组织开展增雨防雹作业，为缓解旱情灾情做出了显著贡献，对促进农业丰产丰收发挥了重要作用；在扑救2011年“4？18”长清特大森林大火和“4？29”蒙山森林大火等多起森林大火中，人工影响天气大显身手，发挥了关键作用；在保障奥帆赛、亚沙会，特别是在第十一届全运会开幕式当日，成功开展了应急人工消(减)雨作业，保证了活动的顺利进行。文中对人工影响天气作业原理及使用的催化剂和运载工具进行了概述，详细介绍了山东人工影响天气工作的发展历程、作业规模及其在防灾减灾中发挥的重要作用。
Weather modification is an important meteorological technique for people to scientifically hold the ob-jective law, to properly develop, utilize and change nature. For frequent natural disaster and emergency, Shandong Province has actively organized times of artificial precipitation and hail suppression in many years against of drought and hail, which has made significant contribution to mitigate disaster and guarantee fertility and good harvest in agriculture. Weather modification has played a key role in forest fires, i.e. “4.18 forest fire in Changqing District”, “4.29 forest fire in Mengshan Mountain”. To guarantee the smooth process of important events, suppression of precipitation had been successfully conducted especially at the opening ceremony of the 11th National Games of China. This paper outlines principle of weather modification, the usage of catalyst and vehicle, also analyses the development course of weather modification in Shandong province, scale of operation, as well as the important role that weather mod-ification has played in disaster prevention and mitigation.

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