印度河前陆盆地油气富集规律与成藏主控因素

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Keywords: 印度河盆地,前陆盆地,油气富集规律,成藏主控因素,勘探方向

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Abstract:

印度河盆地位于印度板块西北角,印度、阿富汗和欧亚板块结合部位,为被动大陆边缘之上发展起来的前陆盆地。印度河前陆盆地具有构造位置特殊且油气勘探程度较低的特征。将印度河盆地陆上部分划分为12个二级构造单元及4大构造演化阶段。通过对构造与沉积特征以及石油地质条件的分析、典型油气藏解剖、成藏规律研究表明,盆地下白垩统海相主力烃源岩品质较好、分布稳定,下白垩统砂岩和始新统灰岩为主力储层,发育与古隆起、前陆盆地相关的构造圈闭。盆地内油气主要分布在始新统和下白垩统,以产气为主,具有“南油北气、下油上气”的分布特征。分析认为:烃源岩的分布与热演化特征、有利储盖组合展布特征、有利构造圈闭发育特征联合控制了盆地内的油气分布,而后两者又间接受古隆起区和古陆架斜坡带控制。因此,古隆起、高地相关单元和斜坡带西侧为盆地最有利勘探区。

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