当代自我调控理论和机的研究新进展研究
The New Development of Self-Regulation Theory and Mechanism

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2016.67109, PP. 846-856

Keywords: 自我调控，延迟满足，资源有限性，CCT模型
Self-Regulation, Delay of Gratification, Resource Limitation, CCT Model

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

自我调控用以描述人们努力地、自愿地、有目的地将自己改变成需要的样子。本文对当代比较有影响的自我调理论进行了详细地梳理，并对最新的自我调控的机制研究进行了介绍。首先，对自我调控的相关概念进行了辨析；第二，系统地介绍了当代比较有影响的一些自我调控理论：反馈回路模型、延迟满足、资源有限性理论；第三，介绍了自我控制理论机制的新近研究：自我调控行为的CCT模型和自我调控的脑神经机制研究，并且对这些理论的相关实证研究进行了介绍；最后，我们对自我调控理论的发展趋势进行了展望，希望对我国研究者开展自我调控的相关研究工作有所帮助。
Self-regulation refers to a process that people hardly, voluntarily, purposefully change themselves to ideal status. This paper systematically introduces some influential self-regulation theories— feedback loop theory, limited resource theory, and based on these, we further introduce some new self-regulation theories such as CCT model and neurosciences results. We also present some related empirical research. At last, we summarize the trend of self-regulation theory, which will be helpful for Chinese researchers.

References

[1]	Ayduk, O. (2007). Construing Persons in Context: On Building a Science of the Individual. In Y. Shoda, D. Cervone, & G. Downey (Eds.), Persons in Context: Building a Science of the Individual (pp. 97-108). New York: Guilford Press.
[2]	Ayduk, O., Downey, G., Testa, A., Yen, Y., & Shoda, Y. (1999). Does Rejection Elicit Hostility in Rejection Sensitive Women? Social Cognition, 17, 245-271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.1999.17.2.245
[3]	Ayduk, O., Mendoza-Denton, R., Mischel, W., Downey, G., Peake, P., & Rodriguez, M. (2000). Regulating the Interpersonal Self: Strategic Self-Regulation for Coping with Rejection Sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 776-792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.776
[4]	Ayduk, Zayas, V., Downey, G., Cole, A. B., Shoda, Y., & Mischel, W. (2008). Rejection Sensitivity and Executive Control: Joint Predictors of Borderline Personality Features. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 151-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.04.002
[5]	Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
[6]	Bandura, A., Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., & Regalia, C. (2001). Sociocognitive Self-Regulatory Mechanisms Governing Transgressive Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 125-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.125
[7]	Bargh, J. A. (1990). Goal and Intent: Goal-Directed Thought and Behavior Are Often Unintentional. Psychological Inquiry, 1, 248-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0103_14
[8]	Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-Regulation Failure: An Overview. Psychological Inquiry, 7, 1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
[9]	Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Self-Regulation and the Executive Function of the Self. In M. Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of Self and Identity (pp. 197-217). New York: Guilford Press.
[10]	Baumeister, R. F., Heatherton, T. F., & Tice, D. M. (1993). When Ego Threats Lead to Self-Regulation Failure: Negative Consequences of High Self-Esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 141-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.64.1.141
[11]	Baumeister, R. F., Smart, L., & Boden, J. M. (1996). Relation of Threatened Egotism to Violence and Aggression: The Dark Side of High Self-Esteem. Psychological Review, 103, 5-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.103.1.5
[12]	Baumeister, R., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. (1998). Ego Depletion: Is the Active Self a Limited Resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1252-1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1252
[13]	Brehm, J. W. (1966). A Theory of Psychological Reactance. New York: Academic Press Inc.
[14]	Callan, M., Will Shead, N., & Olson, J. (2009). Foregoing the Labor for the Fruits: The Effect of Just World Threat on the Desire for Immediate Monetary Rewards. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 246-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2008.08.013
[15]	Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1982). Control Theory: A Useful Conceptual Framework for Personality-Social, Clinical, and Health Psychology. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 111-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.92.1.111
[16]	Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2001). On the Self-Regulation of Behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press.
[17]	Chartrand, T. L., & Bargh, J. A. (1996). Automatic Activation of Impression Formation and Memorization Goals: Nonconscious Goal Priming Reproduces Effects of Explicit Task Instruc-tions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 464-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.71.3.464
[18]	Davidson, R. J., & Irwin, W. (1999). The Functional Neuroa-natomy of Emotion and Affective Style. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 3, 11-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(98)01265-0
[19]	Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Human Autonomy: The Basis for True Self-Esteem. In M. H. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, Agency, and Self-Esteem (pp. 31-49). New York: Plenum. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1280-0_3
[20]	Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. (2002). Anxiety-Related Attentional Biases and Their Regulation by Attentional Control. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 225-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.111.2.225
[21]	Duckworth, A., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Self-Discipline Outdoes IQ in Predicting Academic Performance of Adolescents. Psychological Science, 16, 939-944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01641.x
[22]	Fishbach, A., & Shah, J. Y. (2006). Self-Control in Action: Implicit Dispositions toward Goals and Away from Temptations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 820-832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.820
[23]	Fishbach, A., & Trope, Y. (2005). The Substitutability of External Control and Self-Control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 256-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2004.07.002
[24]	Fishbach, A., Zhang, Y., & Trope, Y. (2010). Counteractive Eval-uation: Asymmetric Shifts in the Implicit Value of Conflicting Motivations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 29-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2009.09.008
[25]	Freud, S. (1961). The Ego and the ID. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (Vol. 19, pp. 1-66). London: Hogarth Press.
[26]	Gazzaniga, M. S., Ivry, R., & Mangun, G. (1998). Fundamentals of Cognitive Neuroscience. New York: Norton.
[27]	Gray, J. A., & McNaughton, N. (1982). The Neuropsychology of Anxiety: An Enquiry into the Func-tions of the Septo-Hipp- ocampal System. New York: Clarendon Press Oxford.
[28]	Kasser, T., & Ryan, R. M. (1996). Further Examining the American Dream: Differential Correlates of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 280-287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167296223006
[29]	Langer, E. J. (1975). The Illu-sion of Control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 311-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.32.2.311
[30]	Lerner, M. (2006). The Justice Motive: Some Hypotheses as to Its Origins and Forms. Journal of Personality, 45, 1-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1977.tb00591.x
[31]	McClure, S. M., Laibson, D. I., Loewenstein, G., & Cohen, J. D. (2004). Separate Neural Systems Value Immediate and Delayed Monetary Rewards. Science, 306, 503-507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1100907
[32]	Metcalfe, J., & Mischel, W. (1999). A Hot/Cool-System Analysis of Delay of Gratification: Dynamics of Willpower. Psychological Review, 106, 3-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.106.1.3
[33]	Mischel, W. (1974). Processes in Delay of Gratification. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 7, 249-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60039-8
[34]	Mischel, W., Cantor, N., & Feldman, S. (1996). Principles of Self-Regulation: The Nature of Willpower and Self-Control. In Higgins & Kruglanski (Eds.), Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles (pp. 329-360). New York, NY: Guilford.
[35]	Mischel, W., Shoda, Y., & Ayduk, O. (2008). In-troduction to Personality (8th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
[36]	Mischel, W., Shoda, Y., & Peake, P. (1988). The Nature of Adolescent Competencies Predicted by Preschool Delay of Gratification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 687-696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.4.687
[37]	Muraven, M., & Slessareva, E. (2003). Mechanisms of Self-Control Failure: Motivation and Limited Resources. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 894-906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167203029007008
[38]	Muraven, M., Shmueli, D., & Burkley, E. (2006). Conserving Self-Control Strength. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 524-537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.91.3.524
[39]	Muraven, M., Tice, D., & Baumeister, R. (1998). Self-Control as Limited Resource: Regulatory Depletion Patterns. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 774-789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.774
[40]	Norman, D., & Shallice, T. (1986). Attention to Action: Willed and Automatic Control of Behavior. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and Self-Regulation (Vol. 4, pp. 1-18). New York: Plenum. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0629-1_1
[41]	Rothbaum, F., Weisz, J. R., & Snyder, S. S. (1982). Changing the World and Changing the Self: A Two-Process Model of Perceived Control. Journal of Personality and Social Psy-chology, 42, 5-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.42.1.5
[42]	Shoda, Y., Mischel, W., & Peake, P. (1990). Predicting Adolescent Cognitive and Self-Regulatory Competencies from Preschool Delay of Gratification: Identifying Diagnostic Conditions. Developmental Psychology, 26, 978-986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.26.6.978
[43]	Trope, Y., & Fishbach, A. (2000). Counteractive Self-Control in Overcoming Temptation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 493-506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.4.493
[44]	Trope, Y., & Fishbach, A. (2004). Going beyond the Motivation Given: Self-Control and Situational Control over Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7, 417-458.
[45]	Vohs, K. D., Bardone, A. M., Joiner Jr., T. E., & Abramson, L. Y. (1999). Perfectionism, Perceived Weight Status, and Self-Esteem Interact to Predict Bulimic Symptoms: A Model of Bulimic Symptom Development. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 695-700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.108.4.695
[46]	Vohs, K., & Baumeister, R. (2002). Escaping the Self Consumes Regulatory Resources: A Self-Regulatory Model of Suicide. Suicide Science, 33-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47233-3_4
[47]	Wolford, G., Miller, M. B., & Gazzaniga, M. (2000). The Left Hemisphere’s Role in Hypothesis Formation. The Journal of Neuroscience, 20, 1-4.
[48]	Wulfert, E., Block, J., Ana, E., Rodriguez, M., & Colsman, M. (2002). Delay of Gratification: Impulsive Choices and Problem Behaviors in Early and Late Adolescence. Journal of Personality, 70, 533-552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.05013

Full-Text