Objective: The present study is to
investigate the expression of CD34, β-Tubulin-III and Collagen IV-Laminin in
adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), the AIS component of minimally invasive
adenocarcinoma (MIA), and early invasive foci, in order to find a valuable
immunohistochemical marker for discriminating AIS and its early invasive foci.
Methods: A total of 51 AIS patients and 88 MIA patients were included in the
present study. In addition, 40 atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) patients
and 54 invasive adenocarcinoma (IA) patients were included as control.
Immunohisto-chemical staining of β-Tubulin-III, CD34, CD31, F8 and Collagen
IV-Laminin was performed by serial sectioning. β-Tubulin-III was used to show
invasive adenocarcinoma foci, CD34 was used to indicate interstitial cells in
AIS, CD31 and F8 were used to identify capillary endothelial cells in tumor
tissues, and Collagen IV-Laminin was used to visualize the basement membrane
component of AIS. Results: The basement membranes and interstitial cells of
AAH, AIS and the AIS component of MIA had positive expression of CD34, while
mucinous AIS and various invasive adenocarcinomas had no CD34-positive basement
membranes or interstitial cells. Invasive cancers such as alveolar
adenocarcinoma, papillary adenocarcinoma, micropapillary adenocarcinoma and
solid adenocarcinoma had strong positive expression of β-Tubulin-III, while
AAH, AIS and the AIS component of MIA, and invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma had
negative expression of β-Tubulin-III. AAH, AIS and the AIS component of MIA
were surrounded by basement membranes with positive expression of Collagen
IV-Laminin, AIS and the AIS component of MIA had significantly thickened
basement membranes, and none of invasive adenocarcinomas was surrounded by
basement membranes. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that
immunohistochemical staining of CD34, β-Tubulin-III, and Collagen IV-Laminin
discriminates AIS component of lung adenocarcinoma from early invasive foci,
with the efficacy of β-Tubulin-III being the best. Staining of β-Tubulin-III
precisely identifies the early invasive foci of MIA, and can be used as a
marker for the identification of the early invasive foci of nonmucinous lung
adenocarcinoma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-4487
