A blockage of blood vessels resulting from thrombus or plaque deposit
causes serious cardiovascular diseases. This study developed a computational
model of blood flow and drug transport to investigate the effectiveness of drug
delivery to the stenotic sites. A three-dimensional (3D) model of the curved
stenotic right coronary artery (RCA) was reconstructed based on the clinical
angiogram image. Then, blood flow and drug transport with the flexible RCA wall
were simulated using the fluid structure interaction (FSI) analysis and
compared with the rigid RCA wall. Results showed that the maximal total displacement
and von Mises stress of the flexible RCA model are 2.14 mm and 92.06 kPa. In
addition, the effective injecting time point for the best performance of drug
delivery was found to be between 0 s and 0.15 s (i.e., the fluid acceleration region) for both rigid and flexible
RCA models. However, there was no notable difference in the ratio of particle
deposition to the stenotic areas between the rigid and flexible RCA models.
This study will be significantly useful to the design of a drug delivery system
for the treatment of the stenotic arteries by targeting drugs selectively to
the stenotic sites.
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