Overview of Kidney Transplantation: A Single Centre Report from China

Introduction: Worldwide, End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is one of the leading disease with prolong morbidity. Kidney transplantation offers the best solution for the problem. The shortage of donor kidney is even bigger problem due to transplantation being one of the routine procedures. The use of deceased donor definitely increases the pool of donor with excellent immediate and long-term follow-up proven results. Aim: The aim is to analyze and summarize the outcome of Kidney transplantation. Methods & Materials: A total of 78 cases of Kidney Transplantation were selected for the study and categorized as: Group I—41 (living Donor), Group II—23 (DCD) & Group III—15 (DBD). Perspective study was done with clean data recorded & maintained pre-operatively, post-operatively and follow-up from Jan 2011 to Dec 2015 in our hospital. Post-operative graft status, complications and at least 1-year follow-up were area of main focus. Results: All patients underwent successful kidney transplantation. In Group I, the number of living donor kidney transplantation is 41 whereas in Group II (DCD) & III (DBD), the number of deceased donor transplantation is 23 and 15 respectively. The Normal functioning of graft (NGF) was 38 (87.8%), 16 (69.6%) & 11 (73.3%) in Group I, II & III respectively along with Poor Graft function (PGF) in Group I—4 (9.7%), II—5 (21.7%) & III—2 (13.3%) managed by continuing dialysis. Delayed graft function (DGF) was noted I-1 (2.4%), II-2 (8.6%) & III-1 (6.6%) in respective group, which returned to normal function post intervention. Therefore, 1^st year graft survival was >93% [(Group I (97.6%), Group II (95.6%) & Group III (93.3%) respectively]. Manageable surgical complication were found in Group I—8 (19.5%), Group II—5 (21.7%) & Group III—2 (13.3%) like hematoma, hydronephrosis, leakage except one emboli related nephrectomy of transplanted kidney & one pneumonia led death in Group II. The overall survival was greater than 90% [(Group I (97.6%), Group II (91.3%) & Group III (93.3%) respectively] in all three groups after at least 1-year follow-up study, which was an excellent prognosis. Conclusion: Kidney Transplantation is safe, effective and the best method of treatment for ESRD. Significant improvement in quality of life is the hallmark merit over dialysis. Paired donation program should be encouraged in order to overcome shortage of kidney, which increases living donor pool. Outcome in living donor Kidney transplantation is always better than deceased donor