Objective: We aimed to retrospectively
examine a series of premalignant and malignant cervical tissues to study a
high-risk HPV 16 infection that, among cervical tissue lesions, carries the
greatest risk of conversion to cancer, and the presence of p53 protein
immunoreactivity, a tumor suppressor gene product. Methods: Paraffin blocks
were studied via immunohistochemical (IHC) method to explore the presence of
HPV 16 in 59 premalignant and malignant cervical lesions as well as
immunoreactivity of the p53 oncoprotein, the most common cellular tumor
suppressor gene product in human cancers. Results: In our series, mutant p53
positivity rate was 35.3% for low-grade CIL, 40% for high-grade CIL, and 46.8%
for invasive carcinoma cases. Immune staining for high-risk HPV 16 type yielded
a positive staining rate of 47% in low-grade CIL, 80% in high-grade CIL, and
50% in invasive carcinoma. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate a
progressive increase in p53 oncoprotein reactivity from cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive carcinoma. This suggests the clinical
importance of p53 immunoreactivity in dysplastic progression and neoplastic transformation.
HPV is the most commonly encountered oncogenic type in cervical lesions,
especially in high-grade CIL and invasive carcinomas. Results of the previous
reports suggest that HPV-positive carcinomas release wild type p53 and
HPV-negative ones release mutant type p53 were not confirmed by our results,
which indicated a mutant type p53 reactivity in HPV- 16 positive carcinoma
cases.
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