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lioh水溶液提高zr--4合金腐蚀速率的机理

Keywords: 材料失效与保护,zr--4合金,耐腐蚀性能

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Abstract:

?在不同水化学条件下的高压釜中研究了zr--4合金在lioh水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,不同的腐蚀介质对氧化膜内的压应力和$t$--zro$_{2}$的含量的影响有很大不同;zr--4合金在lioh或koh水溶液中腐蚀时,li$^{+}$比k$^{+}$进入氧化膜深而且浓度高;在lioh水溶液中腐蚀时,氧化膜中oh$^{-}$的浓度比在koh水溶液中高.锆合金在lioh水溶液中腐蚀时,氧化膜的生长主要是通过oh$^{-}$从合金的表面向内扩散,与锆反应生成氧化锆和原子氢.li$^{+}$半径较小,容易进入氧化膜,因此较多的oh$^{-}$进入氧化膜的深处,并与$t$--zro$_{2}$中的氧空位反应,使$t$--zro$_{2}$向$m$--zro$_{2}$转变.这导致氧化膜出现裂纹,使氧化膜中的压应力松弛,降低氧化膜的保护能力,提高了锆合金的腐蚀速率.

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