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福建北部海域浙闽沿岸流消亡期浮游植物的种类组成与分布特征

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2012.00411, PP. 411-420

Keywords: 福建北部海域,网采浮游植物,年际变化,多元分析,浙闽沿岸流

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Abstract:

根据2009年4月在福建北部海域(24°47’17.0"~26°48’02.9"n,119°29’36.0"~120°57’13.8"e)所获浮游植物网采样品和同步观测的理化参数,并结合2007年“908专项”春季航次相应范围的调查资料,分析该海域浮游植物种类组成、分布特点、年际变化及其与环境因子的关系.本航次共记录浮游植物3个门类85种,其中硅藻75种、甲藻9种、蓝藻1种.物种组成以广温种为主(占47.06%),其次为暖水种(占36.47%),温带种仅占7.06%.调查区浮游植物丰度平均为137.89×104cellsm-3,其平面分布呈现从近岸往外海、从北往南递增的态势.聚类分析显示本海区浮游植物可划分为2个群落,群落ⅰ主要由近岸低盐种组成,仅分布于受浙闽沿岸流影响较直接的闽江口以北的近岸测站;群落ⅱ主要为外海高盐种和广温广盐种,广泛分布于受台湾暖流影响较大的闽江口以南及三沙湾外侧水域.主成分分析(pca)表明,对本海区浮游植物的分布起主导作用的是温度和盐度,而与营养盐的关系不密切,反映调查期间浙闽沿岸流已基本退出本海区,浮游植物的分布主要受制于台湾暖流.浮游植物丰度的平面分布格局与以往的调查结果基本一致,但其群落结构存在年际变化,“908专项”春季航次的优势种为近岸低盐种和广温广盐种,优势种突出,多样性指数低;而本次调查外海性广温种成为优势种之一,多样性指数(h’)和均匀度(j’)均较高,这可能与考察期间受东北季风强度所左右的浙闽沿岸流强弱有关.

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