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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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不同距海处木麻黄分枝格局特征及冠形分析
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00587, PP. 587-592
Keywords: 分枝格局,距离梯度,木麻黄,树冠形态,分形维数
Abstract:
近海区域受持续性风力胁迫，防护林树种木麻黄在生长过程中树冠结构产生较大变化.为揭示木麻黄树冠结构对环境条件变化的可塑性响应特征，在福建省长乐市大鹤国有防护林场距海岸线450-500m（样带1）、750-800m（样带2）、1050-1100m（样带3）设置3个距离梯度的样带，运用strahler法研究木麻黄的分枝格局，并采用分形理论测定冠形的分形维数.结果表明：（1）在不同距海处木麻黄的分枝格局差异较大，距离海岸线越远，木麻黄各级枝条的分枝长度、总体分枝率、枝径比和逐步分枝率不断增大，但各级枝分枝角度表现出随机性分布的特征.（2）样带1树冠迎风面与背风面相比，分枝长度、枝径比2:1和枝径比3:2、分枝率均显著小于背风面，随着距海岸线距离的增加，差异性不断减弱.（3）在海风作用下，树木表现出对主干偏移式形态响应，即距海岸线越近，主干偏移角越大.（4）木麻黄距海岸线越近，其树冠的分形维数越小，占据空间能力小，反之则占据空间能力大.因此，在沿海区域，木麻黄会通过冠形调整、减小分枝长度等方式以适应风力胁迫.图3表4参38
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