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长江口近岸鱼类种类组成及其多样性

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2010.00817, PP. 817-821

Keywords: 长江口,鱼类,种类组成,生物量,丰度,优势种,生物多样性

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Abstract:

根据2004年8月、11月和2005年2月(ⅰ年度),2005年8月、11月和2006年2月、5月(ⅱ年度),2007年8月、11月和2008年2月、5月(ⅲ年度)共3个水文年对长江口近岸水域(121°32.08′~122°11.65′e,31°19.58′~31°38′n)15个取样站点11个航次的底拖网调查样品,对该水域的鱼类种类组成、生物量、丰度、优势种、生物多样性的时间和空间动态变化进行了分析.结果表明:调查水域共出现鱼类13目24科39属42种,鲈形目种类(18种)最多,其次为鲱形目(5种)和鲤形目(4种),种类组成有明显的季节变化,夏季种类数最多,冬季最少;生物量和丰度年度和季节变化明显,平均值分别为8.10g(100m2)-1和1.25ind(100m2)-1,鱼类生物量和丰度均呈显著下降趋势(ⅲ年度<ⅱ年度<ⅰ年度),季节变化趋势为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;生物多样性指数以夏季最高,春季最低,且有下降的趋势;优势种的种类与优势度季节和年度间有较大的变化,造成这种趋势的主要原因可能是与棘头梅童鱼(collichthyslucidus)和凤鲚(coiliamystus)的繁殖和索饵洄游有关.图5表2参16

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