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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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内蒙古典型草原羊粪和牛粪的分解特征
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2011.00791, PP. 791-796
Keywords: 内蒙古典型草原,羊粪,牛粪,畜粪分解,养分释放
Abstract:
为了解畜粪的分解特征及对半干旱典型草原养分循环的影响，于2008年6月~2009年10月采用人为控制的野外实验，研究了羊粪和牛粪对内蒙古典型草原草地的输入量，分解过程中的重量损失、有机物和氮（n）、磷（p）浓度变化.结果表明，羊粪和牛粪的年输入量分别约为(17.8±13.8)kghm-2和(365.6±495.9)kghm-2.分解450d后，残留粪样中有机物浓度较鲜粪减少约14.46%（羊粪）和48.78%（牛粪），即羊粪的分解速率较牛粪显著缓慢，2种粪的残留粪块在草地中堆置时间至少可达2个生长季以上.两种粪中，n素以有机态为主，矿化和释放速度均较慢；p素以无机态为主，释放速度较快；春季冻融变化可以显著促进两种粪中n和p的矿化速率；实验结束时，残留粪样中的全n浓度较鲜粪分别降低了25.89%（羊粪）和16.07%（牛粪），全p分别降低了30.73%和27.21%.埋入地下处理，可以消除风蚀对羊粪块失重的影响，使残留粪样保持较高湿度，促进有机质分解，并改变淋溶作用对粪块中养分含量的影响；但对牛粪分解无明显影响.从研究结果可以看出，家畜粪在半干旱草地环境中分解较慢，堆积过程中对草地的养分循环有重要影响.图4表2参31
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