OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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水盾草在江苏省重要湿地的入侵与分布现状
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2011.00186, PP. 186-190
Keywords: 水盾草,沉水植物,江苏,湿地,生物入侵
Abstract:
水盾草为原产南北美洲的沉水植物,目前已在我国归化.于2009年在江苏省内40个湿地进行了超过700个样点的调查.结果表明,水盾草目前已广泛分布于江苏省大部地区,定居纬度最北至33°41′n,并在大多数入侵群落成为优势种;与2003年相比,其入侵范围和入侵程度均有较大增长.在水盾草所处的植物群落,共调查到沉水植物17种和漂浮植物11种,其中,沉水植物轮叶黑藻、苦草和金鱼藻,漂浮植物槐叶萍、浮萍、满江红和荇菜与水盾草的种间相遇度均在50%以上,表明水盾草易于入侵有以上植物存在的河道.分析表明,水盾草在江苏省的入侵主要由人为扩散引起,然后顺流扩散.由于水盾草潜在人为扩散可能性依旧很大,且江苏省全域均适宜水盾草扩散,应加以高度重视和有效管理,否则水盾草极有可能在数年内扩散至全省.表4参14
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