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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用：99美元
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高温天气对水稻开花结实和品质的影响
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2013.00935, PP. 935-940
Keywords: 水稻,结实率,稻米品质,高温,相似系数,聚类分析
Abstract:
为了了解高温天气对水稻开花结实和品质的影响，并筛选耐热品种，选用d43等19个品种，以9311和耐热品种n22为对照，采用分期播种，调节供试材料播种期使其始穗期相差不多于2d，各品种每7d播种1期，共3期，考查各品种结实率、稻米品质的变化及其与各阶段温度的相关关系，并通过聚类分析计算各品种间的相似系数.结果表明，2011年所有品种至少有1期开花期遇38℃以上高温；结实率与开花期（始穗期至齐穗期4d）平均日最高温度极显著相关，与开花期前3d的平均日最高温度显著相关；整精米率与开花后11-15d平均日最高温度极显著相关，垩白大小与开花后6-20d平均日最高温度显著相关.聚类分析结果显示耐热性相近的品种遗传相似系数较高.两个地方稻品种d43（43.43℃高温下结实率为88.48%）和d81（40.96℃高温下结实率为72.43%）开花期高温下结实率较高，且与耐热对照n22的相似系数小于0.63，可作为水稻花期耐热育种亲本；优质稻品种湘晚籼17和品36在不同温度下稻米外观品质较稳定，值得推广利用.
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