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短时高温暴露对q型烟粉虱发育和繁殖的影响

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2011.00398, PP. 398-403

Keywords: q型烟粉虱,高温暴露,发育,繁殖,性比

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Abstract:

为探明卵期受短时高温暴露对q型烟粉虱(bemisiatabaciq-biotype)存活、繁殖和后代适合度的影响,以适温(26℃)处理为对照,研究q型烟粉虱卵在不同高温(37、39、41℃)条件下分别暴露1h、2h和4h后转至适温饲养,其f0代的存活率、羽化率、雌成虫比例、寿命和产卵量及f1代的发育历期和雌成虫比例.结果表明:1)随着暴露温度升高和暴露时间延长,f0代q型烟粉虱由卵发育至成虫的存活率和蛹羽化率均显著降低,41℃暴露2h后的存活率和蛹羽化率最低,分别为49.1%和76.2%,显著低于未经高温暴露的对照(分别为83.4%和96.6%);2)卵期于41℃暴露1h后其f0代雌成虫比例(61.0%)显著高于对照(52.0%),其他各处理与对照差异不显著;3)卵期高温暴露对f0代雌成虫寿命无显著影响,但单雌产卵量均显著低于对照(117.9粒),并随暴露温度升高呈降低趋势;4)f0代卵期在39℃暴露2h、4h和41℃暴露1~4h后,f1代卵到成虫历期均较对照显著延长;5)与对照相比,f0代卵期分别在37℃暴露1~4h、39℃暴露1~2h或41℃暴露4h,还可显著提高f1代雌成虫比例.可见,短时高温暴露可降低q型烟粉虱的发育适合度,导致f0代存活率降低、产卵量下降和f1代发育历期延长,但一定程度上提高f1代雌成虫比例,从而对种群发展产生一定的代偿作用.表5参20

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