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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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岷江上游高山森林冬季河流中凋落叶碳、氮和磷元素动态特征
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.08022, PP. 301-307
Keywords: 高山森林河流,凋落叶分解,元素含量,元素释放率,基质质量,河流环境因子
Abstract:
高山森林河流中凋落叶元素释放动态不仅是生态系统物质循环和能量流动的重要组成部分，而且是森林养分流失的主要过程，并可能与冬季雪被和冻融导致的水环境变化密切相关.以岷江上游高山森林4种代表性植物康定柳（salixparaplesia）、高山杜鹃（rhododendronlapponicum）、方枝柏（sabinasaltuaria）和四川红杉（larixmastersiana）凋落叶为对象，采用凋落叶分解袋法，研究冬季不同冻融时期（冻结初期、冻结期、融化期）河流中凋落叶碳（c）、氮（n）和磷（p）元素动态特征.康定柳、方枝柏和四川红杉凋落叶c（14.6%-47.7%）、n（22.3%-58.5%）和p（4.8%-20.5%）元素在整个冬季均表现为明显的释放现象，而高山杜鹃凋落叶c（-7.3%）和n（-62.7%）表现为明显的负释放（富集）现象，p（0.7%）表现为微量的释放现象.整体而言，凋落叶分解过程中c、n和p元素在冬季的冻结初期、冻结期和融化期整体表现为释放―富集―释放的模式，但康定柳和方枝柏凋落叶n表现为富集―富集―释放模式，方枝柏凋落叶p表现为释放―富集―富集模式.同时，凋落叶c、n和p元素的释放率受河流水温、ph、电导率和c、n、p营养元素等水体环境因子的显著影响.这些结果表明高山森林河流水环境特征显著影响了凋落叶分解过程中元素动态及其相关的物质循环过程，但影响程度受到凋落叶种类和基质质量的控制.
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