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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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发生和未发生连作芦蒿枯萎病土壤的尖孢镰刀菌数量、产毒能力和致病力
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.08032, PP. 228-233
Keywords: 芦蒿,连作,枯萎病,尖孢镰刀菌,镰刀菌酸
Abstract:
尖孢镰刀菌引起的枯萎病是芦蒿连作障碍主要病害.对芦蒿不同种植年限发病和未发病土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量、产毒素（镰刀菌酸）能力、致病力等开展研究.对采集的11份土壤样品分析结果显示：相较于不发病土壤，发病率≥40%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量显著增加；不发病和发病率≤25%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量没有显著差异（p>0.05）.发病率为85%和40%的土壤尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素（镰刀菌酸产量＞500μgl-1）的菌株比例显著（p<0.05）高于发病率为11%和不发病土壤.致病力测定显示发病率为85%和40%土壤中高致病力菌株比例显著（p<0.05）高于发病率为11%的土壤和不发病土壤，不致病菌株比例显著（p<0.05）低于发病率为11%的土壤和不发病土壤.土壤尖孢镰刀菌数量与连作年限没有显著相关性（p>0.05）.发病土壤中，发病率、尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素菌株比例和高致病力菌株（病情指数＞2）比例与连作年限显著（p<0.05）相关；未发病土壤中，尖孢镰刀菌高产毒素菌株比例和高致病力菌株比例与连作年限没有显著相关性（p>0.05）.随着连作芦蒿发病率的增加，土壤中尖孢镰刀菌菌株数量、高产毒素菌株比例、致病菌株比例均显著增加（p<0.05），未发病连作土壤尖孢镰刀菌菌株数量、高产毒素菌株比例、致病菌株比例均没有显著变化.本研究结果可为连作芦蒿枯萎病发病机理的研究及其防治提供理论基础.
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