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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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滇池外海北岸封闭水域控养水葫芦对水质的影响
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1145.2014.07010, PP. 195-200
张志勇, 徐寸发, 刘海琴, 张晋华, 杨光明, 张迎颖, 韩亚平, 李晓铭, 秦红杰, 闻学政, 严少华
Keywords: 滇池,水葫芦,富营养化,氮,磷
Abstract:
在滇池外海北岸污染严重的0.25km2封闭性蓝藻治理试验示范区内控养水葫芦，以削减富营养化水体内源氮（n）、磷（p）等污染物，探讨有效改善湖泊水质的生物治理措施.6月底按9.30kgm-2投放水葫芦种苗，控养面积2.51hm2，示范区水面覆盖度为10%.结果显示：水葫芦放养后生长迅速，特别是在7-9月份，最大生长速率达372.7gm-2d-1；整个植株干物质平均n、p含量分别为23.22gkg-1和5.03gkg-1，每t鲜重水葫芦吸收1.63kgn、0.35kgp，通过水葫芦种养示范工程，直接由示范工程水域吸收带走n1.15t、p0.25t；水葫芦生长期间（7-12月），种养区较对照区水体do、sd和ph均有下降；水葫芦根系具有较好的吸附拦截浮游藻类效果，致使种养区水体tn、tp和codmn浓度显著高于对照区（p<0.05），并与水体chl-a浓度显著正相关（p<0.05）；水葫芦采收后并未引起二次污染，水质无恶化趋势.综上认为，规模化控养水葫芦可显著削减水体n、p等内源污染负荷，同时对浮游藻类吸附拦截效果明显，可将其滞留于特定水域，又能吸收利用藻类衰亡释放到水体的污染物，减轻外部空白水域水质恶化的压力.
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