OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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国人胎儿肺泡发育与上皮细胞分化的透射电镜观察
Keywords: 肺泡/发育,肺泡上皮/超微结构,胎儿,人,中国人
Abstract:
目的观察国人胎儿肺泡发育及肺泡上皮的分化过程。方法自愿水囊引产的国人胎儿10~34周肺组织,he染色光镜及透射电镜观察。结果胎儿10~16周,胎肺的发育以支气管树分支和管壁结构的逐渐完善为主,终蕾上皮为柱状的未分化细胞。17~24周,支气管树的分支明显增多,上皮细胞的分化趋于成熟。胎儿25周以后,支气管远端形成许多内壁光滑的原始肺泡,其上皮细胞以一种胞核较大,胞质核细胞器较少的原始细胞为主,但开始分化出ⅱ型肺泡细胞。此时,肺泡上皮亦出现少量扁平的ⅰ型肺泡细胞,但以ⅱ型肺泡细胞为主。32周时,肺泡的发育逐渐成熟,ⅰ型肺泡细胞逐渐增多。结论在人胎肺的发育过程中,ⅱ型肺泡细胞的出现并不明显早于ⅰ型肺泡细胞,原始肺泡上皮所衬的较幼稚的细胞,可能是成熟肺泡上皮细胞的干细胞或祖细胞,ⅰ型肺泡细胞的出现是胎肺开始具有换气功能的标志,32周时换气功能趋于完善。
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