农民集体行动的动员机制分析――对桂北一个宗族村落的考察

宗族村落的农民集体行动表现出较强的组织性,这种强组织性以农民的血缘和地缘认同为基础,以情感和共同利益为纽带,形成一个自组织系统,在此基础上的农民集体行动有着深厚的社会基础。文章采用质性研究的方法对桂北一个宗族村落的集体行动进行深描,探究在多元主体互动中农民集体行动的复杂性:村组干部的主导,积极分子和第三种力量的介入,群众的共同参与,形成并引导着集体行动,从而在与不同主体的互动中选择有利于共同体的行动策略。政府对农民自组织集体行动要慎重对待,理性分析行动诉求,切忌将矛盾上升,不仅要稳妥地将问题解决在基层,还要警惕其他势力介入到群体性事件中,冲击社会稳定。
Peasant collective action in clan-type regions showes a quality of very strong organization, which is based on farmers’ blood-relation and geopolitical identity and is linked by emotional and common interests, thus forming a self-organizing system, so that the peasants collective action relying on the village self-organization has a profound historical and social basis. In order to further understand the logic of peasants collective action, this paper sets the research field in a village of the south China, and adopts the method of qualitative research in a case of deep trace and interaction among multiple subjects to grasp the complexity of event changes. Self-organizing mobilization under the leadership of village cadres, the involvement of activists and the third force in the villages and peasants in the public’s participation all serve to form and guide peasants’ collective action so as to choose the strategy of action beneficial to the collective. The government should be cautious to deal with the collective action of peasants’ self-organization, rationally analyze their appeal and claim, avoid the escalation of the tension, solve the problem at the grass-root level and be warned against the involvement of other social forces taking advantages of the event