地票交易的法律性质及其规制

无论是"指标交易说""土地发展权交易说"抑或"地役权说"都没有对我国当下地票交易的法律性质予以准确揭示。从我国特有的地权结构形态和土地管理体制出发,参考域外经验,在考察地票交易生成逻辑的基础上,宜将地票交易的法律性质界定为土地开发权交易。针对土地开发权交易的法律规制,应分两步走:一是在现行法没有对土地开发权及交易进行系统性规定前,遵循解释论研究范式,可适用地役权制度的相关法制资源,但这仅是过渡阶段;二是在正轨阶段,遵循立法论的研究范式,在土地开发权被现行法赋予一项独立的用益物权,并对其交易进行系统性的调整后,应适用其专门性规定。
The theory of ‘index trade’‘land expand right trade’and ‘easement’can’t explain the legal attribute of land ticket tradeoff in China. Based on the ownership structure and morphology as well as the land management system in China, drawing the empirical knowledge overseas, and considering the logic of land ticket generation, we believe that the nature of land ticket should be defined as the land development right tradeoff. The legal regulation of land development right tradeoff includes two steps: firstly, before the existing law has not stipulated systematically the land development right and trade, the interpretation of research paradigm should be applied and the legal resources of easement can be used instead. However, it is only a transition stage; the second step is the formal stage, the research paradigm of legislation should be used and specific regulations should be observed after the land development right is enshrined with an independent usufructs law and the relevant tradeoff norms begin to systematically regulate the trade